{"id":1081,"date":"2021-01-21T15:20:34","date_gmt":"2021-01-21T14:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/?page_id=1081"},"modified":"2021-01-21T20:55:02","modified_gmt":"2021-01-21T19:55:02","slug":"1081-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/?page_id=1081","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed bombard\u00e9ru Aero A \u2013 42 u Lipky 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930."},"content":{"rendered":"

Z\u00a0pohledu sou\u010dasnosti, v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy se konaj\u00ed Dny NATO v\u00a0Ostrav\u011b, se n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee to byla bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, ale nebylo tomu tak. Ve t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech byl leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na za\u010d\u00e1tku a s\u00a0letadlem na obloze, a je\u0161t\u011b k\u00a0tomu s\u00a0p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm letadla bl\u00edzko vesnice, se setkal m\u00e1lo kdo. Nashrom\u00e1\u017edil jsem n\u011bkolik materi\u00e1l\u016f o p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed letadla u Lipky, kter\u00e9 chci v\u00a0kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku prezentovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na poli mezi Lipkou a Modlet\u00ednem ve 30. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed nouzov\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1l bombard\u00e9r Aero A-42. Jednalo se o jednomotorov\u00fd bombardovac\u00ed hornoplo\u0161n\u00edk s\u00a0uzav\u0159enou kabinou, jeho\u017e p\u0159edn\u00ed a zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st trupu byla propojena chodbou p\u0159es pumovnici. Byl ur\u010den pro t\u0159\u00ed\u010dlennou pos\u00e1dku \u2013 pilota, pozorovatele (bombomet\u010d\u00edka) a zadn\u00edho st\u0159elce (radistu). D\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 kostra k\u0159\u00eddla byla pota\u017eena p\u0159ekli\u017ekou, kovov\u00e1 kostra ostatn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pl\u00e1tnem. Letadlo m\u011blo pevn\u00fd podvozek a na z\u00e1di byla ostruha (nebylo tam kole\u010dko). Vodou chlazen\u00fd osmn\u00e1ctiv\u00e1lcov\u00fd motor s\u00a0v\u00e1lci do W, Isotta Franschini Asso 1000 RV (v\u011bj\u00ed\u0159ov\u00fd motor, p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fd \u0159ez ve tvaru p\u00edsmene W),<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Motor_s_v%C3%A1lci_do_W<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

poh\u00e1n\u011bl t\u0159\u00edlistovou vrtuli. V\u00fdkon motoru byl 800 kon\u00ed (588,4 kW). Dal\u0161\u00edmi technick\u00fdmi \u00fadaji jsou \u2013 rozp\u011bt\u00ed 20,80 m; d\u00e9lka 13,80 m; v\u00fd\u0161ka 4,35 m; maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlost 270 km\/h; dostup 7\u00a0000 m; dolet 1\u00a0200 km. Jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nev\u00fdhodou byla stoupavost, proto\u017ee se do v\u00fd\u0161e 5\u00a0000 m dostal a\u017e za 50 minut.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bombard\u00e9r byl vyzbrojen pevn\u00fdm kulometem, dvojkulometem na h\u0159betu a dal\u0161\u00edm spodn\u00edm pohybliv\u00fdm kulometem. V\u0161echny kulomety jsou vz. 28 r\u00e1\u017ee 7,92 mm. Proto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o bombard\u00e9r, tak m\u011bl ve v\u00fdzbroji v\u00a0trupu 16 pades\u00e1tikilov\u00fdch, 16 dvacetikilov\u00fdch a pod trupem 2 dvousetkilov\u00e9 bomby.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Aero<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"letadlo-12\"<\/a><\/p>\n

I p\u0159es velmi dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdkony dosa\u017een\u00e9 b\u011bhem zkou\u0161ek v\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 1930 (dosa\u017eeno 5 mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch a 16 n\u00e1rodn\u00edch rekord\u016f) nebyla s\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba nikdy zah\u00e1jena. B\u011bhem vojskov\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek letoun vykazoval tak velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed z\u00e1vad (chv\u011bn\u00ed ocasn\u00edch ploch, dlouh\u00fd start a p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed, snaha letounu st\u00e1\u010det se do strany, t\u011bsn\u00e9 prostory os\u00e1dky, atd.), \u017ee od jeho dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdvoje bylo upu\u0161t\u011bno. Letoun byl vyroben pouze ve dvou prototypech.<\/p>\n

\"letadlo-2\"
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Aero A – 42 \u010d\u00edslo 11.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"letadlo-1\"<\/a>
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0T\u0159\u00edpohledov\u00fd sn\u00edmek.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u00a0cel\u00fdch 20., 30. a v\u00a0polovin\u011b 40 let byl v\u00fdznamnou postavou v\u00fdvoje letadel firmy Aero, tov\u00e1rna letadel dr. Kabe\u0161 v pra\u017esk\u00fdch Vyso\u010danech \u010desk\u00fd leteck\u00fd \u0161\u00e9fkonstrukt\u00e9r Anton\u00edn Husn\u00edk. Do konce roku 1938 navrhl p\u0159es 50 letadel, z nich osm bylo zavedeno do v\u00fdzbroje \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho letectva.\u00a0Pozici technick\u00e9ho \u0159editele zast\u00e1val do roku 1946, av\u0161ak o dva roky pozd\u011bji zahynul p\u0159i leteck\u00e9 hav\u00e1rii na Je\u0161t\u011bdu.<\/p>\n

\"Anton\u00edn<\/a>
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Anton\u00edn Husn\u00edk<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nyn\u00ed k\u00a0dan\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti.<\/span>
\nLetadlo se \u00fa\u010dastnilo IV. ro\u010dn\u00edku okru\u017en\u00edho letu zem\u011bmi Mal\u00e9 dohody a Polskem. Letu se \u00fa\u010dastnila dv\u011b letadla. Prvn\u00ed z\u00a0nich s\u00a0os\u00e1dkou prapor\u010d\u00edk V. Svozil a nadporu\u010d\u00edk V. Fuksa neslo startovac\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo 12, druh\u00e9 s\u00a0os\u00e1dkou \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00edch kapit\u00e1n\u016f K. Mare\u0161e a G. Benesche \u010d\u00edslo 11. Dvoudenn\u00ed let se startem 27.\u00a0srpna 1930 na trase Var\u0161ava \u2013 Praha \u2013 B\u011blehrad – Var\u0161ava se uskute\u010dnil za \u00fa\u010dasti 24 stroj\u016f a letadla A-42 se um\u00edstila na osm\u00e9m a na dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b letadlo s\u00a0\u010d\u00edslem 11. P\u0159i n\u00e1vratu z\u00a0Polska do\u0161lo 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930 k\u00a0nouzov\u00e9mu p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed stroje s\u00a0\u010d\u00edslem 11 nedaleko Lipky ve 14:30 hodin na poli n\u00e1jemce statku Josefa Kroutila z\u00a0Lipky. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou byla porucha motoru.<\/span><\/p>\n

Existuj\u00ed mi zn\u00e1m\u00e9 t\u0159i z\u00e1znamy o t\u00e9to ud\u00e1losti.<\/span>
\n V\u00a0\u010detnick\u00e9m hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se uv\u00e1d\u00ed:<\/span>
\n\u201eLetoun \u0159\u00eddil pilot \u0161t\u00e1b. kapit\u00e1n Karel Mare\u0161 z\u00a0vojensk\u00e9ho leteck\u00e9ho u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b v\u00a0Prost\u011bjov\u011b a jako pozorovatel fungoval \u0161t\u00e1b. kapit\u00e1n Gustav Benesch z\u00a0Prahy. P\u0159i p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed se ani ob\u011bma letc\u016fm ani letounu nep\u0159ihodila \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 nehoda. Letoun tento vracel se z\u00a0Var\u0161avy do Prahy po ukon\u010den\u00ed z\u00e1vodn\u00edho letu st\u00e1ty Mal\u00e9 Dohody. Na rozkaz \u0161t\u00e1b. kapit. Mare\u0161e onen letoun st\u0159e\u017eila hl\u00eddka zdej\u0161\u00ed stanice poz\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z vrch. str\u00e1\u017emistra Anton\u00edna \u0160krdlanta a str\u00e1\u017em. V\u00e1cl. Holuba, od 16 hod. dne 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930 do 9 hod. dne 3. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930, do doby, kdy z\u00a0Prahy povolan\u00ed mechanikov\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny Aero zjistili, \u017ee ozuben\u00e9 soukol\u00ed olejov\u00e9 a vodn\u00ed pumpy letounu jest po\u0161kozeno a \u017ee bude t\u0159eba v\u00fdm\u011bna motoru, kter\u00fd byl dovezen z\u00a0Prahy dne 3. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930. Jakmile bude nov\u00fd motor namontov\u00e1n a vyzkou\u0161en, odstartuje letoun pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b dne 5. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930 do Prahy. Hl\u00eddka zdej\u0161\u00ed stanice bude p\u0159i startu letounu udr\u017eovati po\u0159\u00e1dek\u201c.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ud\u00e1lost podrobn\u011b popisuje i kronika obce Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9:<\/span>
\n\u201eIhned na po\u010d\u00e1tku \u0161koln\u00edho roku dne 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1l nouzov\u011b 1 z\u00a0p\u011bti vojensk\u00fdch letoun\u016f vracej\u00edc\u00edch se z\u00a0v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu leteck\u00e9ho kol st\u00e1t\u016f Mal\u00e9 Dohody.<\/span> Byly to 3 dvojplo\u0161n\u00edky, 2 nov\u00e9 jednoplo\u0161n\u00edky, z\u00a0nich\u017e jeden, \u0159\u00edzen\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00edm kapit\u00e1nem poln\u00edm pilotem letcem Mare\u0161em, nouzov\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1l. Byl to nov\u00fd typ na\u0161\u00ed leteck\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny A-42 \u2013 bombardovac\u00ed letadlo jednoplo\u0161n\u00edk, maj\u00edc\u00ed tu zvl\u00e1\u0161tnost, \u017ee benzinov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee m\u00e1 zamontov\u00e1ny v\u00a0k\u0159\u00eddlech. \u0160\u0165astn\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1l na pozemku p. Kroutila, majitele statku na Lipce po lev\u00e9 stran\u011b silnice k\u00a0Modlet\u00ednu. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou bylo podle v\u0161eho mal\u00e9 kole\u010dko \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed chlazen\u00ed motoru, kter\u00e9 se cestou rozdrtilo. Ji\u017e od Trhov\u00e9 Kamenice bylo vid\u011bti, \u017ee letadlo je sti\u017eeno nehodou, pon\u011bvad\u017e ve vzduchu balancovalo a z\u00a0motoru vych\u00e1zel d\u00fdm pra\u017e\u00edc\u00edho se oleje a va\u0159\u00edc\u00ed se vody. Dle sd\u011blen\u00ed sam\u00e9ho pilota na\u0161el tento v\u00a0dob\u011b nejkriti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsto k\u00a0nouzov\u00e9mu p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed mezi lesy a kopci. Bylo u n\u00e1s od \u00fater\u00fd do p\u00e1tku na m\u00edst\u011b opravov\u00e1no, d\u00e1n nov\u00fd motor. M\u011blo to za n\u00e1sledek velk\u00fd sb\u011bh lid\u00ed, jak v\u00a0den p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed, tak i ve dnech pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, nebo\u0165 to byl prv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad nouzov\u00e9ho p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed letounu v\u00a0t\u00e9to krajin\u011b a mnoho lid\u00ed poprv\u00e9 v\u00a0\u017eivot\u011b vid\u011blo bl\u00ed\u017ee aeropl\u00e1n. \u0160koln\u00ed d\u011bti byly vod\u011bny sv\u00fdmi u\u010diteli na m\u00edsto p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed, aby vid\u011bly letoun. V\u00a0p\u00e1tek r\u00e1no asi v\u00a0\u00bd 10 letadlo startovalo k\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmu letu do Prahy.\u201c<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00a0Pam\u011btn\u00ed knize Bradla kronik\u00e1\u0159 Jan \u0160trobl zachytil ud\u00e1lost takto:<\/span>
\n \u201eV\u00a0\u00fater\u00fd 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed as o 2 \u00bd hod. odpoledne muselo nouzov\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1ti vojensk\u00e9 letadlo \u010d. 11 na pol\u00edch p. Kroutila, n\u00e1jemce zbytkov\u00e9ho statku v\u00a0Lipce. Letadlo p\u0159ist\u00e1lo na lev\u00e9 stran\u011b p\u0159i silnici k\u00a0Modlet\u00ednu. V\u00a0letadle byli \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00ed kapit\u00e1n Mare\u0161 a \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00ed kapit\u00e1l Bene\u0161. Let\u011bli z\u00a0Var\u0161avy ze z\u00e1vodu leteck\u00fdch kolem \u201eMal\u00e9 dohody\u201c. P\u0159ist\u00e1li bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nehody. K\u00a0letadlu hned sch\u00e1zelo i sj\u00ed\u017ed\u011blo se obecenstvo i z\u00a0dalek\u00e9ho okol\u00ed, neb u n\u00e1s n\u011bco podobn\u00e9ho nebylo je\u0161t\u011b k\u00a0vid\u011bn\u00ed. Hned bylo z\u00a0Kamenice telefonov\u00e1no do Prahy a je\u0161t\u011b ten ve\u010der p\u0159ijeli mont\u00e9\u0159i, by letadlo opravili, le\u010d shledali, \u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdti p\u0159ivezen nov\u00fd motor. Ve st\u0159edu k\u00a0ve\u010deru p\u0159ivezli nov\u00fd motor, ve \u010dtvrtek byl p\u0159imontov\u00e1n a v\u00a0p\u00e1tek r\u00e1no as o 9 hod. r\u00e1no se letadlo vzneslo a po n\u011bkoliker\u00e9m zakrou\u017een\u00ed odlet\u011blo ku Praze\u201c.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

Na tuto ud\u00e1lost m\u016fj otec Josef Najman (*1925, narozen na Lipce) velmi \u010dasto vzpom\u00ednal. N\u011bkolikr\u00e1t se mi o n\u00ed zmi\u0148oval, ale a\u017e postupem \u010dasu jsem si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee to pro n\u011bj, jako mal\u00e9ho kluka, a pro obyvatele Lipky a bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho okol\u00ed, bylo nezapomenuteln\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong>
\nhttp:\/\/vinar.cz\/mitte\/a42.htm<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aero_A-42<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/www.valka.cz\/topic\/view\/8317<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anton%C3%ADn_Husn%C3%ADk_(leteck%C3%BD_konstrukt%C3%A9r)<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anton%C3%ADn_Husn%C3%ADk_(leteck%C3%BD_konstrukt%C3%A9r)<\/a>
\nhttps:\/\/www.fronta.cz\/letecky-konstrukter-antonin-husnik<\/a>
\nChrudimsk\u00e9 vlastiv\u011bdn\u00e9 listy \u010d. 3\/2014
\nPam\u011btn\u00ed kniha Bradla<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z\u00a0pohledu sou\u010dasnosti, v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy se konaj\u00ed Dny NATO v\u00a0Ostrav\u011b, se n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t, \u017ee to byla bezv\u00fdznamn\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, ale nebylo tomu tak. Ve t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch letech byl leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl v\u00a0\u010ceskoslovensku t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na za\u010d\u00e1tku a s\u00a0letadlem na obloze, a je\u0161t\u011b k\u00a0tomu s\u00a0p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm letadla bl\u00edzko vesnice, se setkal m\u00e1lo kdo. Nashrom\u00e1\u017edil jsem n\u011bkolik materi\u00e1l\u016f o p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed letadla u … Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed textu P\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed bombard\u00e9ru Aero A \u2013 42 u Lipky 2. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1930.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1081","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1081"}],"version-history":[{"count":74,"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1162,"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1081\/revisions\/1162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.bradlo.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}